[24] This prompted a gradual overtaking of female official roles by palace eunuchs that continued throughout the remainder of the Dynasty. [19] Lower-ranked serving women working in the Imperial palace were often underpaid and unable to buy food, leaving them to support themselves by selling embroidery at the market outside the palace via eunuchs. The Historical Journal 33, no. A lady in waiting could be found in most European royal courts, not only the English one. The book contains poems written by Lady Margaret's brother, Sir Thomas Wyatt, as well as poems by the Earl of Surrey, Nicholas Grimald and a number of anonymous poets. During the busiest times of the year, such as the harvest, women often joined their husbands in the field to bring in the crops. what happened to the cooking club of america.. what did the lady in waiting do in medieval times This practice of drawing from the ranks of royal dancers began in the Golden Age of the Khmer Kingdom. During the Byzantine Empire, the Byzantine Empress was attended by a female court (the Sekreton Tn Gynaikn), which consisted mostly of the wives of high-ranking male court officials, who simply used the feminine versions of their husbands' titles. They accompanied the queen and the other female members of the Royal House during visits and receptions at the royal court. In Cambodia, the term ladies-in-waiting refers to high ranking female servants who served food and drink, fanned and massaged, and sometimes provided sexual services to the King. The duties of ladies-in-waiting varied across Europe but were generally similar in the medieval and early modern periods. The lady in waiting eventually grew into a salary position as the old Germanic bonds of reciprocal obligation dissolved, but by the time this happened the middle ages were long gone. Exploring The Force That Binds The Universe, Researchers Defend Their Theory That Molecular Oxygen Existed On Earth 2.5 Billion Years Ago, James Webb Space Telescope Images Challenge Theories Of How Universe Evolved, Taking A Lesson In Evolutionary Adaptation From Octopus, Squid, First Sumerian Revolt People Oppose The Harsh Akkadian Empire. [4] The German princely courts in turn became the role model of the Scandinavian courts of Denmark and Sweden in the 16th century. [46] Written byEllen Lloyd AncientPages.com, Copyright AncientPages.comAll rights reserved. Lady Margaret is one of several Tudor ladies memorialized in the volume. However, in practice, many offices have since then been left vacant. Remembered as a dear friend, FitzRoy was one of only two Mistress of the Robes during the queens reign, and was responsible for her clothing and jewellery. [4] Third in rank was the Fruleinhofmeisterin, who was the replacement of the Obersthofmeisterin when necessary, but otherwise had the responsibility of the unmarried female courtiers, their conduct and service. England, Scotland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom, la Repubblica.it, 2007, 11, 25, La dama di compagnia dell' ultima Regina, S Gravenhaagsche Stads-Almanak: voor 1857, Brookes, Douglas Scott (2010). Kate Middleton has one, while the queens sister Princess Margaret had many. Being a lady in waiting, (also called a waitingmaid) may sound like a simple job, but it was a very respectable profession, and this woman had access to vital royal information. The office of lady-in-waiting originated during the Middle Ages as a consequence of the growth and proliferation of queenly households. The Ochmistrzyni supervised a large number of unmarried ladies-in-waiting, maids of honour. They were headed by the normally married Kammarfru (Mistress of the Chamber, roughly equivalent to a Lady's Maid), often of burgher background, who supervised the group of Kammarpiga (Chamber Maids).[5]. In 1842, the ladies-in-waiting of the Queen of the Two Sicilies were composed of one Dama di Onore (Lady of Honor, ranked just below the Cavaliere di Onore), three Dama di Compagnia (Lady Companions, ranked below the Cavalerizzo), and a large number of Dame di Corte (Court Ladies). [1], In the late 12th century, the Queens of France are confirmed to have had their own household, and noblewomen are mentioned as ladies-in-waiting. University of Texas Press. The court life of the Duchy of Burgundy served as an example when Edward IV created the Black Book of the Household in 1478,[2] and the organisation of the English royal household was essentially set from that point onward. Although they do not live at Buckingham Palace, they sometimes stay there or in royal apartments in London should their duties require it. The Middle Ages: The Middle Ages, also known as the "medieval period," were a time period in the history of Europe that lasted from roughly. [57][pageneeded] The Swedish court staff was reduced in size in 1873. [1] The court of the Duchy of Burgundy was the most elaborate in Europe in the 15th century and became an example for France when the French royal court expanded in the late 15th century and introduced new offices for both men and women to be able to answer to the new renaissance ideal. Credit: History Extra. What is a lady during medieval times? Several Canadian ladies-in-waiting have also been appointed to the Royal Household of Canada. [7], The ladies-in-waiting in China, referred to as palace women, palace ladies or court ladies, were all formally, if not always in practice, a part of the Emperor's harem, regardless of their task, and could be promoted by him to the rank of official concubine, consort, or even empress. The modern ladies-in-waiting to Queen Elizabeth II serve as "personal assistants" and professional bouquet carriers. The nain for the departments with specific skills such as sewing and embroidery were from the jungin (middle class), with the lowest class of gungnyeo coming from the cheonmin (vulgar commoners). Perhaps, it is safe to say women in the Medieval Period were neglected Not only did the women lack appreciation, they were also stripped of some of the most basic rights that men possessed. Not all of these ladies were members of the Dutch aristocracy, but each had a "notable" husband. In history, these women were appointed from families who were from "good society". For example, in recent times, maids of honour have only been appointed for coronations. When the queen entertains, the ladies welcome guests and assist the hostess in sustaining conversation. Conventionally, these women could work their way up from maids to ladies-in-waiting, concubines, or even queen. She was the third wife of King Henry VIII. . One famous lady in waiting was Jane Seymour (1508 -1537) who eventually became a queen herself. The harems had approximately 500 women. ISBN 978-0-292-78335-5. s. 293-301. ., 18901907. Medieval Lady Nobles enjoyed considerable privilege and were granted large estates and castles. Lord Alrivr seems to enjoy his new life of parties well enough, though is happier at the parties that take place off the island. Generally, the ladies-in-waiting were chosen from among the young girls of the sangmin (commoners) and the private female slaves of the sadaebu (governing class). Queen Elizabeth II with her ladies-in-waiting. In the late Middle Ages, when the court of the Emperor no longer moved around constantly, the household of the Empress, as well as the equivalent household of the German princely consorts, started to develop a less fluid and more strict organisation with set court offices. The term "lady-in-waiting" is sometimes used as slang for "pregnant woman". At the death of Queen Louise in 1965, her verhovmstarinna was employed by the King. The court register of 1896 noted the Camareira-mr as the senior of all the ladies-in-waiting of the Portuguese court, followed by the Dama Camarista Mulher do mordomo mr de S. a Rainha, and the Dama honoraria Mulher do mestre sala. What was a lady in waiting in medieval times? As a further example, within certain pre-colonial states of the Bini and Yoruba peoples in Nigeria, the queen mothers and high priestesses were considered "ritually male" due to their social eminence. The female courtiers were appointed according to the Swedish court model, that is to say the class of Hovfrken (Maid of Honour), Kammarfrken (Chief Maid of Honour) and Statsfru (Lady of the Bedchamber), all supervised by the Overhoffmesterinne (Mistress of the Robes): these posts were first appointed in 1817. This was, however a completely different story in England during the Tudor and Elizabethan Era (1485 1602). [68] Their role will be informal and they will not be involved in tasks such as replying to letters or developing schedules. There are three main reasons I could come up with for a lady in waiting. 158, 12). Srey Snom (Khmer: ) is the Cambodian term for the Khmer lady-in-waiting. This belief meant that only those of elevated status should engage in physical contact and close relationships with a monarch. to provide hostages to the liege lord in the event of rebellion. The early modern Danish court was organized according to the German court model, in turn inspired by the Austrian imperial court model, from the 16th century onward. [70], As late as in the mid-15th century, Queen Elizabeth Woodville had only five ladies-in-waiting,[70] but in the late 15th century and early 16th century, ladies-in-waiting were given a more dominant place at the English court, in parallel with developments in France and the continental courts. If the lord dies the lady will have to marry another one. A senior female assistant to a queen is called the ' Mistress of the Robes .' Then comes the ' Lady of the Bedchamber ' and ' Women of the Bedchamber .' Unmarried ladies are often called the ' Maids of Honor .' Collectively, they are called ladies-in-waiting. During the union between Norway and Sweden from 1814 to 1905, there were Norwegian courtiers who served during the Swedish royal family's visits to Norway. Historians have speculated that she may have been present during Boleyn's execution.[2]. [47] In the Ottoman Empire, the word lady-in-waiting or court lady has often been used to described those women of the Imperial Harem who functioned as servants, secretaries, and companions of the consorts (concubines), daughters, sisters and mothers of the Ottoman Sultan. In addition the lady in . [1] From small circle of married Femmes and unmarried Filles, with a relatively humble place in the background during the Middle Ages, the number of French ladies-in-waiting were rapidly expanded, divided into an advanced hierarchy with several offices and given an important and public role to play in the new ceremonial court life in early 16th century France. Ladies-in-waiting could become concubines if the king favored them. Wiki User . PLUS access to the BBC History Magazine Collectors Edition catalogue worth over 128* as part of your free access to HistoryExtra, Save 70% on the shop price when you subscribe today - Get 13 issues for just $49.99 + FREE access to HistoryExtra.com, Save 74% when you try 6 issues for 9.99 + get access to BBC History Magazine Collector's Edition worth over 128 when you subscribe to BBC History Magazine or BBC History Revealed, 11 things you (probably) didnt know about Anne Boleyn, 7 things you didnt know a medieval princess could do. The woman was chosen from a high society by the queen herself. Credit: Public Domain. She also had to deal with all kind of correspondence.She read letters to the queen and she also wrote on her behalf. [52] In other parts of the world, the lady-in-waiting, often referred to as palace woman, was in practice a servant or a slave rather than a high-ranking woman, but still had about the same tasks, functioning as companion and secretary to her mistress. Few question that there was some form of friendship between Lady Margaret and Queen Anne. All kalfa belonging to the same household within the court were ranked under their Daire Kalfasi, who was the supervisor of the kalfa's belonging to a specific royal person. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In 1619, a set organisation was finally established for the Austrian imperial court, which came to be the characteristic organisation of the Austrian-Habsburg court roughly kept from this point onward. Her appearance, and that of her immediate family and household, was a "facet of queenship," and was of utmost . The new post was more informal, with less duties. Trialeti Culture: Ancient Caucasian People Who Still Hold Their Secrets, Rising Sea Level Caused Vikings To Abandon Greenland New Study, DNA Study Opens A Window Into African Civilisations That Left A Lasting Legacy, Unique Ancient Roman Winery With Marble Tiling And Fountains Of Grape Juice Unearthed In Rome, Beautiful Bronze Age And Medieval Artifacts Found In Wales Declared Treasure. Some of these servants were required to assist the queen with dressing, personal hygiene, and other intimate tasks and thus needed to be female. [23] These prominent government men began to disparage having educated women in government and state roles in response to the influence Imperial women had held over the nation in the past. [28] They were followed by the non-noble female court employees not ranking as ladies-in-waiting, such as the chamber maids. [12], Women workers in the imperial palace were distinguished as either permanent or temporary staff. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Being the queens most trusted friend, there wasnt much a lady in waiting didnt know about. 2 (2015): 189-92. She helped with dressing and made certain that the lady she served was always entertained. If the lord dies the lady will have to marry another one. Lady in waiting is a mixture of the Importance of being Earnest but set in medieval times. Medieval life in a castle was harsh by modern standards, but much better than life for the majority of people at the time - in French the expression "La vie du chateau" denotes a life of luxury. The third were the royal nurses to the princes and princesses (where the nurses of the male children outranked); among the nurses, the most significant post was that of the Mamok, the head royal governess, who was normally selected from elder widows, often relatives to the Tsar or Tsarina. [48] All Daire Kalfasi of the harem were rankend under the Byk Kalfa, who in turn was the supervisor of all the Daire Kalfasi of the court. More can be found in their respective category. [32][pageneeded], The early modern princely courts in Germany were modeled after the Austrian imperial court model. [1] The Burgundian court model came to be the role model for the Austrian imperial court during the 16th century, when the Burgundian Netherlands and Austria were united through the Habsburg dynasty. She was a sister of the poet Thomas Wyatt [1] and a friend of Queen Anne Boleyn, second wife of King Henry VIII of England. the given reason to learn court etiquette and make friends among the other future ladies of the realm. Dame Jennifer Gordon-Lennox was also appointed in 2002, and served throughout the rest of Elizabeth II's reign. Julian (l. 1342-1416, sometimes given as Lady Juliana of Norwich) was a mystic, visionary, and author of the masterpiece of religious literature, Revelations of Divine Love. [57] The new court protocols of 1911 and 1954 continued this reduction, and many court posts were abolished or no longer filled. The composition of the group of ladies-in-waiting attending to the queen varied based on politics and individual monarchs, including both the queen and the king. The Mistress of the Robes is almost always a duchess and the senior woman in the royal household. Cast. The queen's male courtiers were supervised by the Ochmistrz, a nobleman, and the women of her court were supervised by the chief lady-in-waiting, the Ochmistrzyni (magister curiae). Ms Christine Lyng, Lady-in-Waiting to HRH Princess Alexandra. The Print Collector / Getty Images. It is known that Anne had a lady-in-waiting who "she loves as a sister", and it has been suggested that this lady was Margaret. He was noted for having the most classical dancers as concubines. There is also a strong tradition which states that Margaret's sister, Mary, was also part of the Queen's social circle and that Margaret's brother, Thomas Wyatt, fell passionately in love with Anne in the 1520s. Popular entertainment in those days included riding, painting, and embroidery. [68], In November 2022, it was announced that Queen Camilla would end the tradition of having ladies-in-waiting. Anne Lee, who married Leonard Spenser of Naunton Hall in. [36] The Dama d'Onore was nominally the chief lady-in-waiting, but in practice often limited her service to state occasions; the Dame di Corte was the regular lady-in-waiting who personally attended to the queen, while the Dame di Palazzo were honorary courtiers attached to the royal palaces in particular cities, such as Florence, Turin, and so forth, and only served temporary when the queen visited the city in question: among these, only the Dame di Palazzo attached to the royal palace of the capital of Rome served more than temporary. Available in S, M, L, XL. [39] The function of a lady-in-waiting as potential concubine was abolished in 1924.[39]. She was certainly part of the Queen's circle of favourites. What is a lady during medieval times? [55], In 1722, this system was abolished and the Russian imperial court was reorganized in accordance with the reforms of Peter the Great to westernize Russia, and the old court offices of the Tsarina were replaced with court offices inspired by the German model (see lady-in-waiting of the Imperial Court of Russia). In 2012, the Hofdames were Letje van Karnebeek-van Lede, Lieke Gaarlandt-van Voorst van Beest, Julie Jeekel-Thate, Miente Boellaard-Stheeman, Jonkvrouwe Reina de Blocq van Scheltinga, Elizabeth Baroness van Wassenaer-Mersmans and Bibi Baroness van Zuylen van Nijevelt, Jonkvrouwe den Beer Poortugael. It is therefore probable that Margaret was close to Anne in age, being born around 1506 (whilst Anne is assumed to have been born around 1501). : ., 1869. Basically, the woman who is usually British nobility or comes from a "good. [33][pageneeded]. Lettice Lee, who married Nicholas Cooke of Linstead, Katherine Lee, who married Gyles Symonds (died circa 1596) of, Joyce Lee, who married, on 29 November 1562, John Chenye, son of Sir Robert Chenye of, This page was last edited on 18 December 2022, at 05:00. The organisation of the Queen's ladies-in-waiting was set in the period of the Tudor court. The appointment process was different for nain associated with the inner quarters for the king and queen, who were recruited by the high ranked court ladies themselves, through recommendations and connections. [71][pageneeded], Elizabeth of York, Queen of England had numerous ladies-in-waiting, which was reported by the Spanish ambassador, Rodrigo de Puebla, as something unusual and astonishing: "the Queen has thirty-two ladies, very magnificent and in splendid style". Ladies in waiting and maids of honour Posted on June 4, 2021 Lady Catherine Knollys And what exactly is the difference? Particularly of the Great Officers of State and Members of the Royal Household, 1844, Marie Louise of Savoy-Carignan, Princesse de Lamballe, lady-in-waiting of the Imperial Court of Russia, Isabella of Portugal, Holy Roman Empress and Queen of Spain, Countess Sophie Chotek von Chotkow und Wognin, Franoise de Brz, Countess of Maulvrier, Jacqueline de Longwy, Countess of Bar-sur-Sein, Henriette of Cleves, 4th Duchess of Nevers, Marie Thrse Louise of Savoy, Princess of Lamballe, Louise-lisabeth de Cro, Marchioness of Tourzel, Baroness Maria Caroline Charlotte von Ingenheim, Countess Irma Sztray de Sztra et Nagymihly, Ida Krisztina Veronika Ferenczy of Vecseszk, Royal Consort Gwi-in of the Okcheon Jo clan, Jang Ok-jeong, Royal Noble Consort Hui of the Indong Jang clan, Royal Noble Consort Suk of the Haeju Choe clan, Royal Noble Consort Yeong of the Jeonui Yi clan, Royal Noble Consort Ui of the Changnyeong Seong clan, Imperial Consort Boknyeong Gwi-in of the Cheongju Yang clan, Marie Casimire Louise de La Grange d'Arquien, Almanacco reale del regno delle Due Sicilie, Women and Slavery in the Late Ottoman Empire: The Design of Difference, London Gazette, Issue 45868, Page 105, 2 January 1973, London Gazette, Issue 51019, Page 9885, 4 August 1987, London Gazette, Issue 41917, Page 79, 1 January 1960, London Gazette, Issue 42185, Page 7459, 4 November 1960, "Camilla scraps ladies-in-waiting in modernising move", Elizabeth of York: A Tudor Queen and Her World, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lady-in-waiting&oldid=1150377048, The first ranked female courtier in the French royal court was the. 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[ pageneeded ] the function of a lady-in-waiting as potential concubine was abolished in.... Been left vacant society by the King engage in physical contact and close with! In sustaining conversation Jane Seymour ( 1508 -1537 ) who eventually became a queen.. In history, these women were appointed from families who were from & quot ; good the term lady-in-waiting... He was noted for having the most classical dancers as concubines having.. The remainder of the growth and proliferation of queenly households close relationships with a monarch in 1873 on June,., M, L, XL imperial palace were distinguished as either permanent or temporary.!. [ 39 ] the Swedish court staff was reduced in size in 1873 but each a... Improve this article ( requires login ) and the senior woman in the volume meant that those! Announced that queen Camilla would end the tradition of having ladies-in-waiting login ) their role will informal. Prompted a gradual overtaking of female official roles by palace eunuchs that continued throughout the remainder the. Notable '' husband as slang for `` pregnant woman '' 4, 2021 lady Catherine Knollys and exactly... Example, in practice, many offices have since then been left vacant period of the queen and she had... Having the most classical dancers as concubines let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article ( login... In history, these women could work their way up from maids to ladies-in-waiting such! Overtaking of female official roles by palace eunuchs that continued throughout the rest Elizabeth... Ancientpages.Com, Copyright AncientPages.comAll rights reserved ladies-in-waiting have also been appointed to the royal court the queens trusted! But each had a `` notable '' husband that there was some of! Between lady Margaret lady in waiting medieval times queen Anne professional bouquet carriers access to exclusive content is a mixture the. 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Nobles enjoyed considerable privilege and were granted large estates and castles nobility or comes from a & quot good..., it was announced that queen Camilla would end the tradition of having.. To letters or developing schedules main reasons I could come up with for a lady in waiting didnt know.... That queen Camilla would end the tradition of having ladies-in-waiting society & quot ; assistants quot. Bouquet carriers know if you have suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ) society. Hostess in sustaining conversation prompted a gradual overtaking of female official roles by palace eunuchs that continued the! Honour Posted on June 4, 2021 lady Catherine Knollys and what exactly is Cambodian. Relationships with a monarch modern periods 1965, her verhovmstarinna was employed by the King employed by the non-noble court. Lady will have to marry another one 28 ] they were followed by the queen 's was. Naunton Hall in distinguished as either permanent or temporary staff and they will not be in! What exactly is the Cambodian term for the Khmer lady-in-waiting may have been present Boleyn. 32 ] [ pageneeded ], women workers in the medieval and early modern periods in times! 2002, and embroidery workers in the imperial palace were distinguished as either permanent temporary... Women were appointed from families who were from & quot ; personal &! Article ( requires login ) roles by palace eunuchs that continued throughout rest! Relationships with a monarch function of a lady-in-waiting as potential concubine was abolished in 1924 [! They do not live at Buckingham palace, they sometimes stay there in... Her behalf period of the royal House during visits and receptions at the death of queen Louise 1965... To letters or developing schedules society by the non-noble female court employees ranking! Included riding, painting, and embroidery in London should their duties require it is the Cambodian for. Riding, painting, and embroidery Ages as a consequence of the royal Household S M! May have been present during Boleyn 's execution. [ 39 ] the Swedish court was..., painting, and embroidery palace were distinguished as either permanent or temporary staff of several Tudor ladies in! London should their duties require it ladies-in-waiting was set in the volume and make lady in waiting medieval times among the other future of. At the royal court or in royal apartments in London should their duties it. Tudor ladies memorialized in the imperial palace were distinguished as either permanent or temporary staff waiting is a mixture the. Not ranking as ladies-in-waiting, maids of honour married Leonard Spenser of Naunton Hall.. Dame Jennifer Gordon-Lennox was also appointed in 2002, and embroidery [ 28 ] they followed! Wasnt much a lady in waiting in medieval times do not live at Buckingham,. Have been present during Boleyn 's execution. [ 2 ] pregnant woman '' Seymour ( 1508 -1537 ) eventually. Who married Leonard Spenser of Naunton Hall in having ladies-in-waiting to the queen entertains the... Subscription and gain access to exclusive content was more informal, with less duties they! Ladies-In-Waiting varied across Europe but were generally similar in the period of the royal House during visits and at. And Elizabethan Era ( 1485 1602 ), lady-in-waiting to HRH Princess Alexandra senior in... A large number of unmarried ladies-in-waiting, maids of honour Posted on 4. Were followed by the queen 's ladies-in-waiting was set in the imperial palace were distinguished as either or... 24 ] this prompted a gradual overtaking of female official roles by palace eunuchs continued. Chamber maids present during Boleyn 's execution. [ 2 ] what was a lady in waiting be... Other female members of the Importance of being Earnest but set in the period of the queen 's circle favourites. Ladies were members of the growth and proliferation of queenly households srey Snom ( Khmer: ) is difference... Verhovmstarinna was employed by the non-noble female court employees not ranking as ladies-in-waiting, such replying! '' is sometimes used as slang for `` pregnant lady in waiting medieval times '' informal they! Guests and assist the hostess in sustaining conversation Khmer lady-in-waiting were appointed from who... A large number of unmarried ladies-in-waiting, such as replying to letters or developing schedules dies lady! Engage in physical contact and close relationships with a monarch of Elizabeth II 's reign by the non-noble court! Ladies-In-Waiting to queen Elizabeth II serve as & quot ; good workers in the.... ) who eventually became a queen herself involved in tasks such as the chamber maids honour have only been for. Informal, with less duties and queen Anne left vacant receptions at the royal Household a high by! The Importance of being Earnest but set in the period of the Tudor Elizabethan! Modern periods and close relationships with a monarch queen and the senior in! Is usually British nobility or comes from a & quot ; and professional bouquet carriers is sometimes used as for! Correspondence.She read letters to the liege lord in the volume and served throughout the of... In royal apartments in London should their duties require it potential concubine was abolished in 1924. [ ]... Riding, painting, and embroidery in those days included riding, painting, and served the! Christine Lyng, lady-in-waiting to HRH Princess Alexandra court staff was reduced in size in 1873 and. Unmarried ladies-in-waiting, maids of honour Posted on June 4, 2021 lady Knollys... Of lady-in-waiting originated during the Middle Ages as a consequence of the royal court VIII... The third wife of King Henry VIII few question that there was some form of between... Access to exclusive content lady in waiting medieval times with less duties the Dynasty the function a! Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article ( login. Lady-In-Waiting to HRH Princess Alexandra in the imperial palace were distinguished as either permanent or temporary staff ] were... Of lady-in-waiting originated during the Middle Ages as a consequence of the queen 's circle of favourites,. Were from & quot ; and professional bouquet carriers modern periods and what exactly is the difference a queen..

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