Indeed, stating a variety of concerns, they have presented objections during the electoral count of each Republican president over the last 20 years. A Nov. 6, 2016 episode of PBS NewsHour revealed that "Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton have made more than 90% of their campaign stops in just 11 so-called battleground states. READ MORE: How Are Electoral College Electors Chosen? So, the framers of the constitution created the electoral college, with each state choosing electors. 1. "But this new trend of actually taking over the machinery of elections and giving themselves the power to run things or make decisions or count the votes is another way of doing this.". But Smith, a Republican, says the battleground is diverse. true or false: The compensation of the current president is $100,000 a year. The electoral college has determined the winner of every U.S. presidential election since George Washington, butsome question whether itaccurately represents the will of American voters. Electors vote based on the results of the popular vote the number of votes cast for each candidate by citizens in their respective states or districts, with the winner of the popular vote getting all of the electoral votes for the state in most cases. Onlythe state legislatures were given the authority to direct the manner of appointing presidential electors. 2. We reserve the right to close comments at any time. Slave owners in southern statesdidn't want majority rule particularly in states where enslaved people constituted the majority of the population and a direct vote for president. The most probablescenario would see the new congress decide since they take office before the president, he said. Very few people thought that way. Among our most fundamental institutions is the system of free and fair elections we rely upon, and any erosion in that foundation jeopardizes the stability of our republic. Updated: November 4, 2020 | Original: December 17, 2012. If your thoughts have not changed, list two to three ways your better understanding of the other side of the issue now helps you better argue your position. In July, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled states can require presidential electors to back their states' popular vote winner in the electoral college. "If the White House, or the contender trying to get into the White House, is focused on electoral college calculations and how to win in the electoral college, they are going to prioritize issues that matter to voters in some of these swing states," Levine said. Yes. Proper citation depends on your preferred or required style manual. A positive effect of justices' lifetime appointments is, The Framers of the Constitution established the Electoral College because they. What Is the Electoral College and Why Was It Created? We strive for accuracy and fairness. Three of Nebraskas five electoral votes are awarded to the winner of the popular vote in each of its three congressional districts, with the other two given to the statewide winner of the popular vote. [That authority] can neither be taken away nor abdicated.McPherson v. Blacker, 146 U.S. 1, 34-35 (1892). After the electors cast their ballots, they are sent to Washington, D.C., where they will be counted in Congress on Jan. 6, 2021. . The electoral college was selected as the process of electing a president during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 in Philadelphia. In the runup to the Jan. 6 insurrection at the Capitol, 12 House Republicans issued an extraordinary statement that warned about the demise of the Electoral College. During primaries, candidates often focus on. Levine said the National Popular Vote Interstate Compact would be easier to accomplish than passing a constitutional amendment. The Supreme Court's ruling ultimately allowed Republican candidate George W. Bush to secure the state's electoral votes and become president. Levine said the electoral college has the potential to keep Trump in power if a similar result unfolds this year. For example, if a candidate wins 50.1% of the vote in Texas, they are awarded all of the state's 38 electoral votes. b. The President and Vice President are chosen by the States, which also include the District of Columbia only for this procedure. In 2016, Donald Trump had almost three million fewer votes than Hillary Clinton, but won the presidency because the electoral college gave him a majority. READ MORE:How the Electoral College Was Nearly Abolished in 1970. It needs to be updated for modern times. This is why presidential candidates target specific "swing states" - states where the vote could go either way - rather than trying to win over as many voters as possible across the country. D.C., while not a state,is allocated three electors. C. The electoral college was created by an amendment to the Constitution. With two parties dominating the US system, this is unlikely to happen today. Citing insufficient standing, as opposed to the merits of the underlying case, the Supreme Court declined to resolve the urgent issue. procon@eb.com, 2023 Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. If no candidate reaches 270, the House of Representatives elects the president, choosing from the three candidates who received the most electoral college votes; each state delegation gets one vote. His work has appeared in numerous publications, including The Boston Globe, The New York Times, and National Geographic Traveler. D The winner-take-all system of the electoral college distorts the results of the popular vote. annual reports of PepsiCo and Coca-Cola, including the notes to the financial statements, are also provided in Appendices B and C, respectively. Given these inescapable facts, we believe we have no choice but to vote to sustain objections to those slates of electors. Below are the proper citations for this page according to four style manuals (in alphabetical order): the Modern Language Association Style Manual (MLA), the Chicago Manual of Style (Chicago), the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA), and Kate Turabian's A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations (Turabian). Instructions Our oath, nonetheless,is to support and defend the Constitution of the United States, and to bear true faith and allegiance to the same.Taking this action today will not undermine our beleaguered institutions, as some critics charge, but rather reinforce and defend them. They are often elected state representatives, party leaders and activists. So-called faithless electors have not been critical to the outcome of a U.S. presidential election, but that could change in a race decided by just a few electoral votes. As the statement said: "We will be delegitimizing the very system that led Donald Trump to victory in 2016, and that could provide the only path to victory in 2024.". But the process also is linked to slavery, he said. Republican state lawmakers in places like Georgia and Texas have advanced bills that would give new powers to legislatures to fire election officials and overturn elections. Democrats don't have the votes in the states or in Congress to stop these laws, so Democrats are trying to build public pressure against them. Should the Electoral College be modified? Question 5 30 seconds Q. Box 500 Station A Toronto, ON Canada, M5W 1E6. Another way the Electoral College is unfair, says Harvard University political scientist Gautam Mukunda, is that each state gets electors based on its representation in the House and Senate, which means small states get extra votes. How did the understanding of consciousness differ between William James and Sigmund Freud? Each presidential candidate has a slate of electors chosen by the candidate's party in each state. Because of the Electoral College, presidential candidates only need to pay attention to a limited number of states that can swing one way or the other. Most states use the winner-take-all method, in which all electoral votes are awarded to the winner of the popular vote in that state. [11], This happened with President Nixon in 1968 and President Clinton in 1992, when both men won the most electoral votes while receiving just 43% of the popular vote. Each state must split its electoral votes among all the candidates that receive votes. That consent is grounded in the confidence of our people in the legitimacy of our institutions of government. WEBSTER &36 REPUBLICAN MEMBERS RELEASE STATEMENT AHEAD OF ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE. States cannot violate due process laws because. And for Republicans, the system, with all its minoritarian features the Electoral College, the U.S. Senate, the filibuster, partisan gerrymandering is, at least for now, working in their favor. The US presidential election takes place 3 November. Then-Vice President Mike Pence and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi preside over a joint session of Congress on Jan. 6 to certify the 2020 Electoral College results after a pro-Trump mob stormed the Capitol earlier that day. These people are electors and their job is to choose the president and vice-president. Which of the following statements about the electoral college is correct? And that would be a bad thing for Republicans, because they depend on the Electoral College. It's therefore possible for a candidate to become president by winning a number of tight races in certain states, despite having fewer votes across the country. 1,et seq. c. It should be replaced with popular elections. Pro/Con Arguments | Discussion Questions | Take Action | Sources | More Debates, The debate over the continued use of the Electoral College resurfaced during the 2016 presidential election, when Donald Trump lost the general election to Hillary Clinton by over 2.8 million votes and won the Electoral College by 74 votes. "You don't have to convince the public that the system is fair. 325 N. LaSalle Street, Suite 200 Article II. And that was for a variety of reasons. answer choices. "You'll often hear, 'Well, if it's a national vote, small, rural states would be ignored.' The only states that do things differently areNebraska and Maine, where two electors vote based on the results of the state's popular vote, and the others are determined based on the popular results in each congressional district within the state. Once that happens, those states' electors would vote for the candidate who wins the national popular voteinstead of voting for the candidate who wins their state. [18], A Nov. 6, 2016 episode of PBS NewsHour revealed that Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton have made more than 90% of their campaign stops in just 11 so-called battleground states. [1], Prior to the 2016 election, there were four times in US history when a candidate won the presidency despite losing the popular vote: 1824 (John Quincy Adams over Andrew Jackson), 1876 (Rutherford B. Hayes over Samuel Tilden), 1888 (Benjamin Harrison over Grover Cleveland), and 2000 (George W. Bush over Al Gore). It's different from that ofother republics, where citizens vote directly for the president. Where the polls stand on election day, Will Biden or Trump be the U.S. president? You can contact him at benjamin.blum@cbc.ca. When search suggestions are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. "In the founding period, it was hard to imagine the American people as a single political entity. (emphasis added). Not a physical college, the electoral college isa process for electing the U.S. president. Still, we are faced with a seminal legal question. Our support of objections will not diminish the value of the vote of any individual citizen, but rather protect that value, by ensuring the Constitution is followed and by restoring the confidence of all Americans that the rule of law will be upheld today, and our elections in the future will remain secured. 4. This procedure, outlined in the 12th amendment to the Constitution, was established following the elections of 1796 and 1800. 2023 BBC. List two to three ways. true or false: The Supreme Court's primary function is to settle disputes among the states. and more. Their assertion is only trueso long asCongress is first convinced those electoral votes were not produced by a process that violated the strict provision of Article II, Section 1,Clause 2. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like presidential candidate who wonders whether he or she can afford to be president is concerned about, When playing the role of chief diplomat, the president must get approval from Congress for which of these?, Which of the following statements expresses a fact about the electoral college? After all, that's how we run every other election in this country, says Jesse Wegman, the author of Let the People Pick the President. In 2000, George W. Bush captured more electoral votes while earning 500,000 fewer popular votes than Al Gore. Benjamin Blum is a producer with CBCNews.ca based in Toronto. (PA-13), Doug Lamborn (CO-05), Barry Loudermilk (GA-11), Blaine Luetkemeyer (MO-03), Markwayne Mullin (OK-02), Gregory F. Murphy, M.D. "James Madison, himself a Virginia slave-owner, said, 'The South will never go for this. Electing a U.S. president isn't as simple as one person, one vote. at 144. true or false: A nation with an authoritarian government often has a two-party system. true or false: The Bill of Rights arose in part because of Americans' experiences with Britain. Both times in 2000 and 2016 it was the Republican candidate who got fewer votes but ended up in the White House. true or false: Television and mass media have most influenced presidential campaigns and nominations by focusing attention on detailed comparisons of policy positions. Opal said the Constitution doesn't clearly state whether it's the newly elected Congress that votes, orthe Congress that was sitting at the time of the election. Proponents say an election day holiday will increase voter turnout. It was unusual because the winner of the popular vote lost the election in the electoral college. In 1876 Samuel Tilden earned a majority of popular votes, but Rutherford B. Hayes won by a single electoral vote. It already failed in the Senate, the vote . Which of the following statements expresses a fact about the Electoral College? What do you want to know about the U.S. election? Of those visits, nearly two-thirds took place in the four battlegrounds with the most electoral votes Florida, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and North Carolina. [19], Gautam Mukunda, political scientist at Harvard University , explained that states are given electors based on its representation in the House and Senate, so small states get extra votes. true or false: When hearing a case, the Supreme Court does not hear testimony from witnesses. That vulnerability was on full display on Jan. 6, when Trump and the violent insurrectionists pressed Congress to overturn Biden's Electoral College win. 2023, A&E Television Networks, LLC. Electors are generally chosen from among state party leaders and state legislators. This is why presidential candidates. B) The framers of the Constitution expected the Electoral College to use their own judgment in selecting a President. The president, however, would be elected not by direct vote, but rather by the Electoral College. A slight majority of states require electors to cast their votes as pledged, although no faithless elector has ever been prosecuted. Electors are allocated based on the number of representatives a state has in the U.S. House of Representatives, which is determined by population, plus the number of senators two per state. This situation has only happened once in 1824, when the House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams since the 12th amendment was ratified, Prior to that, in1800,the Houseelected Thomas Jeffersonin a tie-breaking vote between Jefferson and running mate Aaron Burr. A variety of newsletters you'll love, delivered straight to you. READ MORE: 5 Presidents Who Won the Election But Lost the Popular Vote. California has the most electors - 55 - while a handful of sparsely populated states like Wyoming, Alaska and North Dakota (and Washington DC) have the minimum of three. But in practice, electors almost always vote for the candidate who wins the most votes in their state. Explore the Electoral College via the US National Archives. From the Middle Ages until 1792, leaders of the Holy Roman Empire were elected by a college of prince-electors from various German states. WEBSTER & 36 REPUBLICAN MEMBERS RELEASE STATEMENT AHEAD OF ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE . Drafted by the government of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, with additional assistance from the country's opposition parties, it was unanimously approved by the 5th Parliament on 10 April and ratified on 14 August 1973. The Electoral College comprises 538 electors; each state is allowed one elector for each Representative and Senator (DC is allowed 3 electors as established by the Twenty-Third Amendment). Push for the position and policies you support by writing US national senators and representatives. Six states - Alaska, Delaware, Montana, North Dakota, Vermont and. "Those states include some of the states with the heaviest minority populations in the United States, some of the states with the fewest minority populations in the United States," he said. As the Supreme Court has previously affirmed, in Article II, Section 1, Clause 2, [t]he appointment of these electors is thus placed absolutely and wholly with the legislatures of the several States. If approved, challenges could proceed through the courts all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court. What happens if no candidate gets a majority? 1. Sure, the election may be decided by just a handful of states swing states that can shift red or blue. When the US constitution was being drawn up in 1787, a national popular vote to elect a president was practically impossible. 23912\frac{2}{3} \quad \frac{9}{12} The measure would not be enacted until states. true or false: Third-party candidates running for president must gather voter signatures to be placed on the ballot in each state. What distinguishes the juvenile justice system from the adult justice system? These states will decide, 5 ways a Joe Biden presidency will affect Canada, How U.S. polls got it wrong in 2016 and why they're more likely to get it right this time, Electoral college voters can be punished for going rogue, U.S. Supreme Court rules, Biden needs a 'decisive victory' to avoid contentious fallout after U.S. election day, says professor, CBC's Journalistic Standards and Practices. Yes. Or why not? Yet our friends have overlooked a critical, first principle. There are only two states (Maine and Nebraska) which divide up their electoral college votes according to the proportion of votes each candidate receives. Take our quiz, We'll find you and we won't let you live a teams fight to exist, When a biryani flies hundreds of miles to reach Indians, The two generals fighting over Sudan's future, 'I thought we'd die' - Sudan patients cry for help, Why Gen Z workers are starting on the back foot. When the time came to agree on a system for choosing the president, it was all too easy for the delegates to resort to the three-fifths compromise [counting only 3/5 of the enslaved population instead of the population as a whole] as the foundation. Last modified on December 9, 2021. The ______ branch of the federal government has certain enumerated powers listed in the Constitution. The results are announced that day, with Inauguration Day following on Jan. 20. At the same time, there was little enthusiasm for allowing the president to be chosen by lawmakers in the capital, Washington DC. The show received poor reviews, except for the mention by one . James Madison stated, There was one difficulty however of a serious nature attending an immediate choice by the people. In 2016, Donald Trump won the electoral vote despite receiving nearly three million fewer votes than his opponent, Hillary Clinton.

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